Stefaniya KAMENOVA

            Doctorante

 

 

 

 

 

Titre de la thèse

Écologie des communautés et potentiel de contrôle biologique des coléoptères carabiques en milieu agricole

 

Période

2010-2013

 

Responsable

Manuel Plantegenest (INRA Rennes), Bertrand Gauffre (CEBC Chizé) et Vincent Bretagnolle (CEBC Chizé)

 

Université d'inscription

École Doctorale « Gay Lussac », Université de Poitiers

 

Spécialité

Écologie des communautés, réseaux trophiques, régime alimentaire, séquençage haut-débit, isotopes stables, théorie neutre

 

Résumé

The question of origin and complexity of biodiversity has fascinated researchers since Darwin and his “Entangled Bank”. But despite this interest and the large number of studies, progresses were limited due to the lack of efficient tool. Indeed, even the simple description of interactions networks remained until recently hardly approachable. 

 

However, the fast growing field of environmental genomics, thanks to new molecular technologies, as barcoding and next generation sequencing, opens exciting opportunities for studying trophic webs on a large scale.

 

Carabid beetles are good models for such studies under temperate climates. Indeed, they are counting numerous species relatively abundant, easily distinguishable and catchable. They are known to exhibit various diet ranges from phytophagous to carnivorous and suspected to exhibit various level of trophic specialization. However, their diet remains difficult to precise in the field. Moreover, carabids are a group of particular interest as they are suspected to play an important role in regulating pest populations in agricultural fields.

 

Here, I address the question of main rules determining assemblages of carabid beetles in agricultural landscape. I am especially trying to assess in what extent trophic conditions may influence local communities (niche-assembly rules) or whether they mostly rely on colonization/extinction processes (dispersal-assembly rules).

 

To this purpose, I am developing high-throughput sequencing approach coupled with more traditional stable isotope approach, in order to identify preys consumed by the most common carabid species encountered in main crops of an agricultural landscape and to see how their diet varies through space and time.

 

Rapport de stage

KAMENOVA S. Rapport bibliographique. Influence de la composition et de la structuration du paysage sur le fonctionnement des populations de ravageurs des cultures. 2009, Master 2 Recherche Ecologie Fonctionnelle, Comportementale et Evolutive (EFCE), Université de Rennes 1 (PDF)

 

KAMENOVA S. Influence de la composition et de la structure du paysage sur la dynamique de colonisation des cultures par les pucerons. 2010, Master 2 Recherche Ecologie Fonctionnelle, Comportementale et Evolutive (EFCE), Université de Rennes 1 (PDF)